Everything about Santa Mar A Ship totally explained
The
Santa María was the largest of the three
ships used by
Christopher Columbus in his first voyage across the
Atlantic Ocean in 1492. Her master and owner was
Juan de la Cosa.
The
Santa was a small
carrack, or "Nao" about 70 feet long, and was used as the flagship for the expedition. She carried 40 men.
The other ships of the Columbus expedition were the
caravel-type ships
Santa Clara, remembered as the
Niña ("The Girl" – a pun on the name of her owner, Juan Niño) and
Pinta ("The Painted" – this might be a reference to excessive
makeup. All these ships were second-hand (if not third or more) and were never meant for exploration.
The
Santa María was originally named
La Gallega ("The Gallician"), probably because she was built in Galicia. It seems the ship was known to her sailors as
Marigalante, literally "Dirty Mary".
Bartolomé de Las Casas never used
La Gallega, Marigalante or
Santa María in his writings, preferring to use
la Capitana or
La Nao.
The
Santa María had a deck and three
masts. She was the slowest of Columbus' vessels but performed well in the Atlantic crossing. She ran aground off the present-day site of
Môle Saint-Nicolas,
Haiti on
December 25,
1492, and was lost. Timbers from the ship were later used to build Môle Saint-Nicolas, which was originally called
La Navidad (Christmas) because the wreck occurred on Christmas Day.
No authentic contemporary likeness of any of the three ships of the Columbus expedition is known to exist. Several replicas of the
Santa Maria have been built, all based solely on conjecture.
Replicas
Interest in reconstructing the Taylor Santa Maria started in the 1890s for the 400th anniversary of Columbus' voyage. The 1892 reconstruction depicted the ship as a Nao. A subsequent replica built in the 20th century (pictured above) depicts the Santa Maria as a Caraval. The Caraval didn't have the high forward structure of the Nao. Apparently Columbus himself referred to the Santa Maria as both a Nao and Caraval in his own journal. The 1992 reconstruction of the Santa Maria is also as a Nao, which is the most commonly accepted type of ship.
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